What is Acid ?
Acid is derived from Latin word "Acidus" which means Sour in taste. According to Arrhenius, Acid give Hydrogen while dissolving in water. A Scientist Sorenson made a Scale name PH means Power or Potential of Hydrogen scale. PH value of acid is less than 7. Example : HCL, HNO₃, H₂SO₄.
There are two types of Acid.
1. Weak Acid : Weak Acid has less Hydrogen and take more time to dissolve. These are not dangerous because these present in Naturally. These are called Natural or Organic acid.
Examples :-
1. Citric Acid : Lemon, Orange, Sour fruits.
Uses : Use for Cleaning of Metals.
2. Lactic Acid : Milk, Curd, Dairy Product.
3. Tenic Acid : Tea.
4. Glutonic Acid : Wheat.
5. Buteric Acid : Butter.
6. Tarteric Acid : Temerind, Grapes.
7. Oxalic Acid : Tomato, Spinach, Guava.
Uses : Remove Ink Spot from Cloths.
This Acid is Responsible for Stone.
8. Ascorbic Acid : Amla
9. Formic Acid (Methanoic Acid) : Ant, Bees, Nettle plant leaves.
10. Acetic Acid (Ethanoic Acid) : found in Vinegar.
2. Strong Acid : Strong acid has more Hydrogen and take less time to dissolve. These are Dangerous and prepare mostly in Lab. Hence, These are Man-Made Acid / Artificial Acid / Inorganic acid.
Examples :-
1. Sulphuric Acid (H2SO4) :
(A) It is used in Storage Battery.
(B) It is Called King of Acids.
(C) It is used in Cleaning of Floors.
(D) It is Called Oil of Vitriol (Fake Oil).
Note : Blue Vitriol - Copper Sulphate.
Green Vitriol - Iron Sulphate.
2. Nitric Acid (HNO3) :
(A) This Acid is always kept in Aluminium Vessel because it destroy the glass.
(B) It is used in Writing and Cutting the Glass.
(C) It is used in Explosives.
(D) It is used in Fertilizers.
3. Hydrochloric Acid (HCL) :
(A) It is present in the gastric Juice secreted by Stomach.
(B) It Help in Digestion of food.
(C) Excess of this Acid cause Acidity.
(D) This Acid is called Mureatic Acid.
Note : Aqua - Regia :- It is Mixture of HCL + HNO3 in the ratio of 3:1. It is used in Cleaning the ornaments made up of Silver and Gold.
4. Benzoic Acid (C6H5COOH) :
(A) It is used in Cosmetic Item.
(B) This Acid is Present in the Grass.
(C) It is used in Drugs and Medicines.
(D) It is used in Preservation of food Material for a long time.
5. Boric Acid (H3BO3) :
(A) It is used in Eyedrops, Talcum Powder.
(B) This Acid is called Soft Acid.
(C) This Acid is used as Antiseptic.
(D) It is used in Killing the Ants, Cockroach.
6. Carbonic Acid (H2CO3) :
(A) It is used in Cold drink for Sour and Burning Taste.
(B) It is used in Soda Water.
(C) PH Value of this Acid is 4 to 5.
Read Previous Topic - Matter : Basic of Chemistry
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