Base and It's Examples, Salt and it's Types, Indicator and it's Types.

What is Base ?

Base are Bitter in taste and it's work to nullify the action of acid hence it is called Anta-acid. According to Arrhenius, Base give Hydroxy Ion (Hydrogen + Oxygen) while dissolving in Water. PH Value of Base is greater than 7. Add Gypsum to remove high Basicity in soil. Example : NAOH, KOH, CA(OH)2, Mg(OH)2.

Examples of Base

1. Calcium Hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] = It is made by adding water in Calcium oxide or Quick lime. It's PH Value 12.5. It is used in removing the acidity of soil and in Bleaching Powder.

2. Magnesium Hydroxide [Mg(OH)2] = It is made by adding water in Magnesium oxide. It's PH value is 10.5. It is used to remove the acidity of stomach. it is also called Milk of Magnesia.

3. Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) = It is also called Caustic Soda. It is used in Hard Soap and in Paper Industry. It's PH Value 14.

4. Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) = It is also called Caustic Potash. It is used in Soft Soap and used in Skin Care Items. It's PH Value between  10 to 13.

What is Salt ?

Salt is a mixture of Acid and Base then we get Salt with Water. Salt making Process is called Neutralization.

Types of Salt

There are 3 types of Salt.

1. Acidic Salt = Here, We take Strong acid and weak base mean Acid take higher amount than base.

Example:- NH4Cl (Ammonium Chloride).

2. Basic Salt = Here, We take Weak acid and Strong Base mean Base take higher amount than acid.

Example:- CaCO3 (Calcium Carbonate).

3. Neutral Salt = Here, We take Strong Acid and Strong Base or Weak Acid and Weak Base mean Acid and Base take in Equal Amount.

Example:- NaCl (Sodium Chloride).

What is Indicator ?

Such things which change their color and smell with acid and base are called Indicator.

Types of Indicator

There are three types of Indicator.

1. Natural Indicator :- It is obtained from Nature.

Example :- Litmus Paper, Turmeric.

2. Artificial Indicator (Man-Made indicator) :- It is made in Lab.

Example :- Methyl Orange, Phenolphthalein.

3. Olfactory Indicator :- These indicator change their Smell with acid and base.

Example:- Vanilla, Onion.

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